Process of making lubricants



' an unstable mixture results which cannot be Patented Fa. 15, 1927.

HARLEY A. MONTGOMERY, or HIGHLAND rnnx, MICHIGAN.

rnocns s or MAKING LUBRICANTS.

No Drawing.

This invent-ion relates to.process of making compounds for lubricatingthe tools, dies, etc., used in the manufacture of pressed or drawn metalparts.

It has lon been the dcsideratum of lubri-.

cant manufacturers. and pressed metal workers to provide a lubricantthat will tenaciously clin to the metal parts when subjected to bigpressures and which Wlll not be injuriously affected by the increase intemperature of the metal parts and tools during the pressing and drawingoperations. It has been found that no oils or fats of fluid consistency,or even when solid, are of themselves efficient enough as lubricants topermit their use in this class of work, and when insoluble solids areadded to the oils evenly applied over the various surfaces, and whichrapidly settles and streaks when in use. My invention has for itsprincipal object to overcome these defects, and permit the use of oilsand solid lubricating material in themanufacture of sheet metal parts.

I have found that by properly hydrating petroleum orfatty oils bydispersing water into the oil globules in such a manner as to greatlyincrease the viscosity of the O1].

' a vehicle is provided which will remain stable for long periods oftime and which will suspend insoluble granular lubricating material tothe point of saturation without; permitting the settling of; the sohdmaterial. 4

Another object of my invention is the provision of a practical andeflicient lubricating compound 'for use in pressing and drawing sheetmetal from three ingredients, each of which is of itself unsuitable forsuch use, to-wit, oils of insuflicicnt body to alone serve as a metaldrawing lubricant, water and insoluble granular solid materials. i I

Other objects andadvantages will be apparent from the followingdescription of the compound and the method of preparing same.

In putting my invention into practice, I utilize an emulsifiable oil.preferably from fatty or petroleum bases, such as commercial dcgras oremulsiliable mineral oils, and if soluble oil is used treat it with afatty acid, as, for example, commercial oleic acid. to the extent of.approximately one-sixth volume of the emulsifiable oil. This renders anysoluble oil insoluble in water but it ings of wool.

Application filed August 30, 1924. Serial No. 735,222.

increases the property of soaking up water like a sponge with either thesoluble or. insoluble 'oils. The oil is then hydrated by heating waterin small quantities into the globules of the oil with constant agitationof the mixture, the addition of ,the water being continued-until the oilhas thickened to the desired viscosity. Preferably the resultant mixturecontains substantially four times as much water as oil in volume. Whenthe hydration is not carried too far, the mixture remains stable, andhas a toughness and adhesiveness far beybnd that of either ingredient.Moreover, the more water absorbed without rendering the mixture unstablethe better does the lubricant absorb heat during the drawing andpressing operation.

Then suitable solid lubricating material, such as talc, lithopone,graphite, sulphur, mica or chalk, in pulverized form, is added to thehydrated oil, small quantities of the solid material being successivelyintroduced while the mixture is being constantly stirred and agitated.Preferably, the solid lubricating material is added to the extent ofsub-. stantially one-fourth of the volume of the hydrated oil. thehydrated oil, and the solid material remains in suspension throughoutthe entire body of compound while the mixture remains in a fluidcondition.

It has been found that this mixture of ingredientsin substantially theproportions named l'Qll'ltllllr; stable for long periods of time, andalso does not evaporate or deliquesce upon exposure to the atmosphere.

In use, the lubricating compound is spread upon the metal, tools,dies,'etc., in the usual manner and clings tightly to the metal duringthe drawing operations, even when high pressures are reached. The greatquantity of moisture in the compoundhas the faculty of absorbing thefrictional heat developed in drawing the metal, whereby the lhis amountdoes not saturate below the danger point, permitting faster and morecontinuous production than by the use of any other lubricating mediumknown.

By the term degras is meant either the oil expressed from hides duringchamoising operations, or that recovered from the scour- This materialis also made synthetically by oxidizing fish oils. WVhile degras fromany source can be utilized, I

prefer degras obtained from chamoising operations. The term soluble oilis utilized herein as meaning an oil that when mixed with water willenter into the water with a resultant decrease inviscosity, While the.term emulsifiable oil isutilized herein as meaning an oil that whenmixed with water the Water enters "the oil with a resultant increase inviscosity.

Having described my invention, I claim- 1. The process of makinglubricating compounds for drawing and pressing sheet metal whichconsists of treating an emulsifiable oil with a fatty acid to render itin soluble in water, then hydratin the oil by beating in successivelyintro uced small quantities of water While the mixture is constantlyagitated until the viscosity of the oil has been greatly increased, andthen suspending pulverized insoluble solid lubricating material in thehydrated oil by stirring in successively introduced small quantities ofthe solid material while the mixture is bein constantly agitated.

2. The process of making lubricating compounds for drawing and pressingsheet metal which consists of treating an emulsifiable oil withsubstantially one-sixth its volume of a fatty acid, then hydrating theoil by beating in substantially four times its vol-' ume of Water insuccessively introduced small quantities while the mixture is beingconstantly agitated, and then suspending in the hydrated oilsubstantially one-fourth its volume of insoluble pulverized solidlubrieating material by stirring in successively introduced smallquantities of the solid material while the mixture is being constantlyagitated. a

In witness whereof I hereunto set my hand. i v

HARLEY A. MONTGOMERY.

